The Thomas Mahaffey, Jr. Business Librarians
Mahaffey Business Library
L001 Mendoza College of Business
University of Notre Dame
Notre Dame, IN 46556
(574) 631-9098
askbuslib@nd.edu
Business Library Website
Librarians
Pete Pietraszewski
Business Librarian
Andy Schmidt
Business Library Information Specialist
Mahaffey Business Library Citation Style Guide
×NOTE: The citations below are adapted from ABI/INFORM’s own APA style citation format.
Article from a journal, magazine or newspaper:
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year, Month/Day). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), page range. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global database
Byrne, E. F. (2018). Making drones to kill civilians: Is it ethical? Journal of Business Ethics, 147(1), 81–93. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global database
Article from a wire feed:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Title of article. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global database
Oxford Daily Brief Service. (2018, Jun 11). KENYA: Corruption may undermine government credibility. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global database
Market Research Report:
Author/Analyst. (Year, Month). Report title. Retrieved from BCC Research database
McWilliams, Andrew. (2019, November). Bionics: Technologies and global markets. Retrieved from BCC Research database
Stock Prices:
Bloomberg. (2018). Stock prices for Apple, Inc. 1/1/2012–12/31/2017. Retrieved from Bloomberg database
Company Financials:
Two different ways to cite the same information:
Bloomberg. (2018). Return on capital for Hewlett Packard 12/31/90 to 09/30/18. Retrieved from Bloomberg database
Bloomberg. (2018). Hewlett Packard: Return on capital, 12/31/90 to 9/30/18. Retrieved from Bloomberg database
SWOT Report/Analysis:
Author. (Year, Month). Company Name [SWOT analysis]. Retrieved from Business Insights: Essentials database
GlobalData. (2018, October). AT&T Inc. [SWOT analysis]. Retrieved from Business Insights: Essentials database
Company History:
Author. (Year). Company Name. Retrieved from Business Insights: Essentials database
International Directory of Company Histories. (2016). Facebook, Inc. Retrieved from Business Insights: Essentials database
Industry Overview:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Industry overview title. Retrieved from Business Insights: Essentials database
Encyclopedia of Emerging Industries. (2019). Electronic computer manufacturing. Retrieved from Business Insights: Essentials database
× NOTE: The citation below comes from Business Insights: Essentials. This is an example of how a database creates a format that must be changed to meet the requirements of the APA style, and to make the format consistent with the rest of your bibliography.
Source Citation:
"Tablet Computers." Encyclopedia of Emerging Industries. Ed. Lynn M. Pearce. Detroit: Gale, 2018. Business Insights: Essentials. Web. 27 September 2019.
http://bi.galegroup.com.proxy.library.nd.edu/essentials/industry/334111
Edited Citation:
Encyclopedia of Emerging Industries. (2018). Tablet computers. Retrieved from Business Insights: Essentials database
× NOTE: The citations below are adapted from Business Source Complete’s own APA style citation format. Business Source Complete also allows you to export citations into your citation account. You may have to edit these citations further to make them accurate and consistent.
Article from a journal, magazine or newspaper:
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number (issue number if available), page range. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database
Munro, I., & Thanem, T. (2018). The ethics of affective leadership: Organizing good encounters without leaders. Business Ethics Quarterly, 28(1), 51–69. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database
Harvard Business Review article:
Ignatius, A. (2019). The tyranny of numbers. Harvard Business Review, 97(5), 12. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database
Country Profile:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Article or chapter title, Country profile title, page range. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database
MarketLine. (2018, August). Key facts and geographic location, Poland country profile, 15–16. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database
Company Financials:
Two different ways to cite the same information.
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Company financials/Company name. Retrieved from Capital IQ database
Capital IQ. (2019). Total revenue FY2018 for Amazon.com Inc. Retrieved from Capital IQ database
Capital IQ. (2019). Amazon.com Inc.: Total revenue FY2018. Retrieved from Capital IQ database
Dataset:
Author/Rightsholder. (Year). Title of data set (Version number) [Description of form]. Retrieved from China Data Online database
All China Marketing Research Co., Ltd. (2019). China city statistics, transportation, cities at prefectural level, 2012–2017 [Data file]. Retrieved from China Data Online database
All China Marketing Research Co., Ltd. (2019). China Statistical Yearbook, Chapter 12: Environment protection, 12-3 water supply and water used, 2000–2005 [Data file]. Retrieved from China Data Online database
CQ Researcher Report:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Report title. Retrieved from CQ Researcher
Premack, Rachel. (2019, August 22). Marijuana legalization. Retrieved from CQ Researcher
× NOTE: The citations below are adapted from Data-Planet’s own APA style citation format. Many professors have told their students NOT to cite Data-Planet Statistical Datasets as the author of the data, but rather to find out through Datasets who actually created the data. Data-Planet provides the data but does not produce it. Study the citations that Data-Planet provides, and make changes for accuracy and consistency.
Dataset:
In these examples, notice the inclusion of an active DOI or digital object identifier. If required by your instructor, include them at the end of your citations. DOIs may not be available for all sources.
Author/Rightsholder. (Year). Title of data set [Description of form]. Retrieved from Database Name. DOI
National Center for Education Statistics. (2018). Dropouts and Completions–State Level: Total Diploma Count | Grade: All Grades | Race: All Races | Gender: All Genders, 2006–2009 [Data set]. Retrieved from Data Planet™ Statistical Datasets: A SAGE Publishing Resource. https://doi-org.proxy.library.nd.edu/10.6068/DP1663A7D1B321
Easy Analytic Software Inc. (EASI). (2018). Consumer Behavior–2017: Electronics | Socioeconomic Indicator: Cameras/Camcorders: 35mm Auto Focus Point & Shoot: Personally own, 2017 [Data set]. Retrieved from Data Planet™ Statistical Datasets: A SAGE Publishing Resource. https://doi-org.proxy.library.nd.edu/10.6068/DP1663A7F3D432
National Bureau of Statistics of China, China Data Center, University of Michigan. (2018). China Yearly Statistics (National): Infrastructure of Cities | GroupCode: 33070101.b0101 | Socioeconomic Indicator: Total Volume of Water Supply For Residential Use–Current period value, 1952–2016 [Data set]. Retrieved from Data Planet™ Statistical Datasets: A SAGE Publishing Resource. https://doi-org.proxy.library.nd.edu/10.6068/DP1663A820C2B3
Factiva Company Report:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Company report title. Retrieved from Factiva database
FactSet Research Systems, Inc. (2019). Facebook, Inc. company report. Retrieved from Factiva database
Stock Quote:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Company stock quote. Retrieved from Factiva database
FactSet Research Systems, Inc. (2019, September 30). PPL stock quote. Retrieved from Factiva database
Frost Perspective:
Frost & Sullivan. (2019, September 30). Philips boldly embarks on the connected care journey. Retrieved from Frost & Sullivan database
Industry Research Analysis:
Frost & Sullivan. (2019, September 20). Global uninterruptible power supplies market, forecast to 2025. Retrieved from Frost & Sullivan database
Nonprofit Financials:
Author. (Year). Report title. Retrieved from GuideStar database
GuideStar. (2019). South Bend Symphony Orchestra Association Inc.—Comprehensive trends financial analysis report. Retrieved from GuideStar database
Industry Research Report:
Author/Editor. (Year, Month). Industry market research report title. Retrieved from IBISWorld database
Molavi, J. (2019, September). Nuclear power in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld database
Market Research Report:
Author/Editor. (Year, Month/Day). Report title. Retrieved from MarketResearch.com database
Mind Commerce. (2019, September 16). 5G in IOT by connectivity, infrastructure, sensors, devices, (type, sector, verticals), and things 2019–2024. Retrieved from MarketResearch.com database
Investext Analyst Report:
Author/Editor. (Year, Month/Day). Report title. Retrieved from Mergent Online database.
Kee, T./Stock Traders Daily Research. (2019, October 1). Comprehensive technical and fundamental analysis for KO. Retrieved from Mergent Online database.
Market Research Report:
Author/Editor/Analyst. (Year, Month/Day). Report title–Country–Month/Year. Retrieved from Mintel database
Spencer, H. (2018, October). Restaurant decision making process–US–October 2018. Retrieved from Mintel database
Smith, D. (2018, February). Men’s and women’s underwear and sleepwear–US–February 2018. Retrieved from Mintel database
Infographic Overview:
Author/Editor/Analyst. (Year, Month/Day). Title—Infographic overview. Retrieved from Mintel database
Failla, J. (2019, October). Coffee—Infographic overview. Retrieved from Mintel database
Company Financials:
Morningstar. (2019). PPL Corp–Key ratios. Retrieved from Morningstar database
Morningstar Analysis:
Bischof, A. (2019, August 6). PPL Corp–Morningstar analysis. Retrieved from Morningstar database
x NOTE: Nexis Uni maintains a useful wiki on how to cite its resources. The examples below are adapted from the Nexis Uni APA citation style format.
Article from journal, magazine, or newspaper:
Author’s Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month/Day). Article title. Magazine/Journal/Newspaper Title, volume number(issue number), page range. Retrieved from Nexis Uni Academic database
Wisser, L. (2019, Fall). NOTE: Pandora’s algorithmic black box: The challenge of using academic risk assessments in sentencing. American Criminal Law Review, 56(4), 1811–1832. Retrieved from Nexis Uni Academic database
Country Risk Overview
Author/Editor. (Year). Title. Retrieved from Nexis Uni Academic database
The PRS Group, Inc. (2017). Afghanistan country analysis (economy). Retrieved from Nexis Uni Academic database
× NOTE: The basic APA format for citing databases may be modified for greater citation accuracy. In the examples below, there is cited data (Energy balances) that is part of a larger data set ( Energy projections for IEA countries) .
Dataset:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Title of data. Title of data set [Description of form]. Retrieved from OECD iLibrary database
International Energy Agency. (2011). Energy balances. Energy projections for IEA countries [Data set]. Retrieved from OECD iLibrary database
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Title of data. Title of table [Description of form]. Retrieved from OECD iLibrary database
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2011). CO2 emissions from fuel combustion.
Book:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Title of chapter or entry. Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Location: Publisher. Retrieved from OECD iLibrary database
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2011). Mortality from heart disease and stroke. Health at a glance 2011: OECD indicators (pp. 28-29), OECD Publishing. Retrieved from OECD iLibrary database
Country Profile:
Author/Editor. (Year, Month/Day). Title–Type of report. Retrieved from Passport database
Euromonitor International. (2016, January). Car rental (destination) in the US.–Country report. Retrieved from Passport database
Company Report:
Euromonitor International. (2015, October 5). Microsoft Corp in toys and games (world)–Global company profile. Retrieved from Passport database
Global Briefing:
Euromonitor International. (2015, September 2). Key global and regional trends shaping toys licensing–Briefing. Retrieved from Passport database
Statistics:
Euromonitor International. (2017). Market size : Toys and games–Trade sources/national statistics. Retrieved from Passport database
Analysis/Opinion:
Daujotas, Giedrius. (2012, May 29). Eastern Europe: The best performing traditional toys and games region in 2011–Opinion. Retrieved from Passport database
Industry Survey:
Author’s Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month/Day). Industry survey title. Retrieved from S&P NetAdvantage database
Agnese, J. (2012, April). Publishing & advertising. Retrieved from S&P NetAdvantage database
× NOTE: SimplyAnalytics does not provide citations; however, its help guide provides a suggested citation format. As with some of the other resources listed in this guide, you will need to edit this suggested format to make your citations consistent with the rest of your paper or project. Here are some examples that SimplyAnalytics provides, followed by edited versions consistent with this document.
SimplyAnalytics suggested citation format (examples):
SimplyAnalytics (2017). EASI/MRI Consumer Expenditure Data 2016. Retrieved February 17th, 2017, from SimplyAnalytics database.
SimplyAnalytics (2017). Census 2016 Current Estimates Data. Retrieved February 17th, 2017, from SimplyAnalytics database.
SimplyAnalytics (2017). Map with 2016 Consumer Expenditure Data. Retrieved February 17th, 2017, from SimplyMap database.
Edited versions of above:
EASI/MRI. (2017). Consumer expenditure data 2016. Retrieved from SimplyAnalytics database.
U.S. Census. (2016). Current estimates data 2016. Retrieved from SimplyAnalytics database.
EASI/MRI. (2017). Consumer expenditure data 2016 [Map]. Retrieved from SimplyAnalytics database.
Participation Data:
Source. (Year). Title of data set [Data type]. Retrieved from Sports Market Analytics database
National Sporting Goods Association. (2019). Martial arts/MMA/Tae kwon do: Participation by total age group (% of part.) 2014–2018 [Chart]. Retrieved from Sports Market Analytics database
Consumer Expenditures:
NSGA. (2019). Exercise/fitness equipment: Market size—Total consumer exp., by type of equip. (in mil. of $) 2010–2017 [Chart]. Retrieved from Sports Market Analytics database
Online Viewing Trends:
SBRnet. (2019). Online (computers/tablets/smartphones) game/event viewership, % ages 18–34, by major sport category 2012–2018 [Chart]. Retrieved from Sports Market Analytics database
× NOTE: When you’re viewing data, look for the citation button (the blue double-quotes icon). From the drop-down menu, click APA. We recommend you edit the citation. Please note that Statista provides data and reports from many different sources—the “author” listed in your citation will correspond to the “source” tab in Statista.
Data and Charts:
Source/Author. (Year, Month/Day). Title of data set [Description of form]. Retrieved from Statista database
MSW-ARS Research/The Brand Strength Monitor. (2018, March). United States: Brand preferences for facial foundation from October 2017 to January 2018, by age [Chart]. Retrieved from Statista database
Dossier or Report:
Sporting Intelligence. (2016). Global sports salaries survey 2016 [Report]. Retrieved from Statista database
Statista. (2018). National Hockey League [Report]. Retrieved from Statista database
Dataset:
Author. (Year, Month/Day). Title of data. Title of data set [Description of form]. Retrieved from World Development Indicators database
World Databank. (2019). India: Access to electricity 1960–2018 [Data set]. Retrieved from World Development Indicators database
World Databank. (2019). Vietnam: Average grace period on new external debt commitments (years) [Data set]. Retrieved from International Debt Statistics database
This guide is intended to show you how to cite information from some of the databases/electronic resources available from the Mahaffey Business Library website. All citations in this guide appear in the APA Citation Style format.
Please be advised that the guide in no way pre-empts a faculty member’s citation style preferences. Always make certain that the citation style you are using is acceptable to your instructor.
The database title is listed, followed by the type of information often used in the database (an article, company report, marketing report, financials, datasets, etc.), a general format guideline, and one or more specific examples. These examples cover citations for your paper/project bibliography or end notes. For in-text citation information and examples, please refer to this page maintained by Penn State University Libraries.
Feel free to copy and paste relevant examples into your document and then edit them with your own citation information. Format them to make them consistent with the rest of your document. Keep in mind that the APA’s own suggested hanging indent is ½ inch to the right, for citations over one line in length.
Please note that some databases do provide citations that you can copy/download and paste into your paper. Feel free to use them, but always double-check to make sure they have all the information you need, and that the formatting is correct. You will most likely have to edit the citation after you copy and paste. Some examples of these citations are provided in the guide.
Finally, please know that this guide is a living document that is frequently updated to provide you with the most recent, accurate, and helpful information.
If you have any questions or comments about citing your sources or about the citation style guide, please see us in person or contact us using the Ask a Business Librarian form!